Peptides? Hmm 🤔

 A peptide is a short chain of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins. Think of it like a very small protein.

How they are formed

Peptides are formed when two or more amino acids are joined together by a specific type of bond called a peptide bond. A chain of two amino acids is a dipeptide, three is a tripeptide, and so on. Chains with ten or more amino acids are called polypeptides. Once a polypeptide chain becomes long enough (typically over 50 amino acids) and folds into a specific 3D structure, it's considered a protein.

Functions of Peptides

Peptides have many different functions in the body. Some act as hormones, such as insulin, which regulates blood sugar. Others are enzymes, helping to speed up chemical reactions. Some peptides play a role in the immune system, acting as antibodies to fight off infections. Because of their diverse roles, peptides are used in medicine, cosmetics, and as dietary supplements.

Examples

 * Glutathione: A tripeptide that acts as a powerful antioxidant.

 * Collagen Peptides: These are broken-down fragments of collagen protein used in supplements for skin and joint health.

 * Insulin: A peptide hormone that is crucial for regulating blood sugar levels.